木兰诗PPT课件

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木兰辞

北朝民歌

木　兰　诗 北朝民歌

唧唧复唧唧，木兰当户织。不闻机杼声，唯闻女叹息。问女何所思？问女何所忆？女亦无所思，女亦无所忆。昨夜见军帖，可汗大点兵。军书十二卷，卷卷有爷名。阿爷无大儿，木兰无长兄，愿为市鞍马，从此替爷征。

东市买骏马，西市买鞍鞯，南市买辔头，北市买长鞭。旦辞爷娘去，暮宿黄河边，不闻爷娘唤女声，但闻黄河流水鸣溅溅。

爷娘闻女来，出郭相扶将；阿姊闻妹来，当户理红妆； 小弟闻姊来，磨刀霍霍向猪羊。

万里赴戎机，关山度若飞。朔气传金柝，寒光照铁衣。 将军百战死，壮士十年归。归来见天子，天子坐明堂。策勋十二转，赏赐百千强。可汗问所欲，木兰不用尚书郎，愿驰明驼千里足，送儿还故乡。

旦辞黄河去，暮至黑山头，不闻爷娘唤女声，但闻燕山胡骑鸣啾啾。

木开我东阁门，坐我西阁床。脱我战时袍，著我旧时裳。 当窗理云鬓，对镜贴花黄。

出门看火伴，火伴皆惊惶。 同行十二年，不知木兰是女郎。

雄兔脚扑朔，雌兔眼迷离；双兔傍地走，安能辨我是雄雌！

象形兰木

戎马关山报国志，魂牵梦绕女儿情。

一身戎装透出一股勃发的英雄气，我们看到的是英姿飒爽的少年将军，而对镜疏理云鬓，秋波顾盼流转，我们看到的则是一位楚楚动人的闺中女红妆。

这二者在花木兰身上的统一，世世代代向人们传达着这样的信号——中国女性的伟大、坚韧与温情。

孝—听到将要征父入伍的消息，木兰十分着急，因为她上无兄长，没人能够替父亲应征，于是萌生了替父从军的念头：“愿为市鞍马，从此替爷征。” 毅然女扮男装替父从军，“东市买骏马，西市买鞍鞯。南市买辔头，北市买长鞭”，辞别父母，踏上了征程。

诗人只是用了“不闻机杼声，唯闻女叹息”二句，就写出了木兰见到“军帖”的复杂心情，写出了木兰对“阿爷无大儿，木兰无长兄”的焦虑和忧愁，表现出木兰对父母的关爱和孝敬，一个孝女形象自然而然地树立起来。

忠——孝是忠的基础，木兰代父从军，可谓是忠孝两全。

以女儿之身女扮男装，和男子汉一样战场上与敌寇拼杀，既是为父尽孝，又是为国尽忠。她离开父母远征，虽然不能膝前尽孝，但是却用杀敌报国实现了对长辈的孝，而对国家的忠同时也得到了很好的表现。

勇——木兰从军之后，战场上英勇杀敌，奋不顾身——

“万里赴戎机，关山度若飞。朔气传金柝，寒光照铁衣。将军百战死，壮士十年归。”

十二年之间，木兰像真正的男儿一样南征北战，身冒矢镞，英勇作战，功勋卓著，表现出中华儿女同仇敌忾、抗敌御辱的爱国精神。

智——一个女孩儿家，和男子汉一样征战十二年，而能不露女儿本色，需要很高的智慧。但最能表现其智慧的，则是功成身退，不慕功名利禄。

十二年的厮杀，木兰建立了赫赫战功，天子又是封赏、又是许官，若是寻常人物面对如此显赫的功名利禄，恐怕早就对着皇帝佬儿三叩九拜山呼万岁了。但是木兰很明智，她可以为父尽孝，为国尽忠，却不愿随朝伴君，且不说鸟尽弓藏兔死狗烹，就是在天子驾前，焉知不是伴君如伴虎呢？

诗歌在简约而凝炼地表现了木兰的忠、孝、智、勇之后，着重描写了她回归女儿本色的天真快乐：

“开我东阁门，坐我西阁床。脱我战时袍，著我旧时裳。当窗理云鬓，对镜贴花黄。”

当她以一身女儿妆出来和昔日的战友相见时，人们都十分吃惊：“同行十二年，不知木兰是女郎”。

只此两句，诗歌的喜剧效果尽数显现出来。木兰代父从军的故事，在伙伴的惊异和木兰“安能辨我是雄雌”的诙谐调笑中戛然而止，画上了一个圆满的句号。

参考阅读

小说《风翔万里》

《木兰辞》英文版

Disney《木兰》

米芾《木兰诗》

《风翔万里》 [日]田中芳树

简述：作者所叙述“木兰从军的故事发生在隋代。作者不单单写木兰，他是把木兰的故事建构在一个庞大而完整的隋唐交替的历史体系之中。故事中出场人物，除木兰及其家人、贺廷玉为出现在中国文学中历史上可能并不存在的人物外，其他出场人物，凡名字皆有据可考。

这部书倒不象是一部小说，俨然一部史书。作者对中国历史的了解及严谨的历史故事的创作态度，让人敬佩，也是很多中国作家望尘莫及的。

Ode of Mulan

Tsiek tsiek and again tsiek tsiek,

Mu-lan weaves, facing the door.

You don't hear the shuttle's sound,

You only hear Daughter's sighs.

They ask Daughter who's in her heart,

They ask Daughter who's on her mind.

"No one is on Daughter's heart,

No one is on Daughter's mind.

Last night I saw the draft posters,

The Khan is calling many troops,

The army list is in twelve scrolls,

On every scroll there's Father's name.

Father has no grown-up son,

Mu-lan has no elder brother.

I want to buy a saddle and horse,

And serve in the army in Father's place."

In the East Market she buys a spirited horse,

In the West Market she buys a saddle,

In the South Market she buys a bridle,

In the North Market she buys a long whip.

At dawn she takes leave of Father and Mother,

In the evening camps on the Yellow River's bank.

She doesn't hear the sound of Father and Mother calling,

She only hears the Yellow River's flowing water cry tsien tsien.

At dawn she takes leave of the Yellow River,

In the evening she arrives at Black Mountain.

She doesn't hear the sound of Father and Mother calling,

She only hears Mount Yen's nomad horses cry tsiu tsiu.

She goes ten thousand miles on the business of war,

She crosses passes and mountains like flying.

Northern gusts carry the rattle of army pots,

Chilly light shines on iron armor.

Generals die in a hundred battles,

Stout soldiers return after ten years.

On her return she sees the Son of Heaven,

The Son of Heaven sits in the Splendid Hall.

He gives out promotions in twelve ranks

And prizes of a hundred thousand and more.

The Khan asks her what she desires.

"Mu-lan has no use for a minister's post.

I wish to ride a swift mount

To take me back to my home.”

When Father and Mother hear Daughter is coming

They go outside the wall to meet her, leaning on each other.

When Elder Sister hears Younger Sister is coming

She fixes her rouge, facing the door.

When Little Brother hears Elder Sister is coming

He whets the knife, quick quick, for pig and sheep.

"I open the door to my east chamber,

I sit on my couch in the west room,

I take off my wartime gown

And put on my old-time clothes."

Facing the window she fixes her cloudlike hair,

Hanging up a mirror she dabs on yellow flower powder

She goes out the door and sees her comrades.

Her comrades are all amazed and perplexed.

Traveling together for twelve years

They didn't know Mu-lan was a girl.

"The he-hare's feet go hop and skip,

The she-hare's eyes are muddled and fuddled.

Two hares running side by side close to the ground,

How can they tell if I am he or she?"

不一样的木兰——

Disney的木兰是与众不同的—好莱坞的想象力十分大胆，木兰不再是中国人的木兰而是夹杂了美国精神的木兰。

影片靠想象力增添的种种的人性美让木兰赢得了全球观众。影片中的木兰没有大女人的粗硬之风却比柔弱小女人多了一分独立精神。难怪木兰被美国《人物》杂志评为98年十大风云人物榜首。

美轮美奂的画面和超凡动听的音乐再加上电脑技术的加盟使本片的视觉效果非同一般。

谢谢观赏——

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