高考英语常用同义词辨析

e.g.

Here, have a lookat this.

来，看一看这个。

She stole a glanceat her watch.

她偷偷看了看表。

She gave the officer a blank stareand shrugged her shoulders.

她面无表情地盯着那个军官，耸了耸肩。

She fixed her questioner with a hostile glare.

她带着敌意瞪着向她提问的人。

She felt embarrassed under his steady gaze.

她在他凝视的目光下感到很尴尬。

He caught a glimpse of her in the crowd.

他在人群里一眼瞥见了她。

3

recommend / advise / advocate / urge:

以上各词均含劝告、建议之义。

e.g.

We’d recommendyou to book your flight early.

我们建议你早点儿预订航班。

I’d adviseyou not to tell him.

我劝你别告诉他。

The group does not advocatethe use of violence.

该团体不支持使用暴力。

The situation is dangerous and the UN is urgingcaution.

局势岌岌可危，联合国力主谨慎行事。

下面几个例句是错误的用法：

Police are recommendingfans without tickets to stay away.（recommending 应改为 advising，权威人士）

I would recommendagainst going out on your own.（recommend 应改为advise，反面告诫）

He advisedreading the book before seeing the movie.（advised 应改为 recommended，正面建议）

4

consist of / comprise / make up / constitute / be composed of:

以上各词均表示由某些人或事物组成、构成某事物。

主要区别在于有些词是将整体作为主语，部分作为宾语；另一些词则是将部分作为主语，整体作为宾语。

e.g.

The group consists of/ comprises/ is made up of/ is composed often people.

这个小组由十个人组成。

Ten people make up/ constitute/ comprisethe group.

这个小组由十个人组成。

5

continuous / continual:

两词都可用来表示持续不停。

e.g.

I had six continuoushours of meeting.

我连续开了六小时的会。

Life was a continualstruggle for them.

生活对他们来说就是不断的挣扎。

6

announce / declare:

两词都有“宣布”的意思。

e.g.

They haven’t formally announcedtheir engagement yet.

他们还没有正式宣布订婚。

The painting was declaredto be a forgery.

这幅画被判定为赝品。

7

environment / setting / surroundings / background:

以上各词均指人或事物生存或所处的环境。

e.g.

An unhappy home environmentcan affect children’s behavior.

不幸的家庭环境可能对孩子的行为造成影响。

a pleasant working environment

令人愉快的工作环境

The island provided an idyllic settingfor the concert.

这岛为音乐会提供了优美的田园布景。

The huts blend in perfectly with their surroundings.

这些棚屋与周围的环境浑然一体，非常和谐。

The mountains in the backgroundwere capped with snow.

远处的山峦白雪覆盖。

8

factory / plant / mill / works / yard:

以上各词均指工厂、制造厂。

e.g.

a chocolate / cigarette / clothing factory

巧克力厂 / 香烟厂 / 制衣厂

a nuclear power plant

核电厂

a cotton / paper / textile / woollen mill

棉纺厂 / 造纸厂 / 纺织厂 / 毛纺厂

a brickworks/ steelworks

砖厂 / 炼钢厂

a shipyard

船坞

9

illness / sickness / ill health / trouble:

以上各词均指身体或精神上的不适、疾病。

e.g.

I’ve been told I’d been suffering from various illnesses.

我被告知患了多种疾病。

I recommend you get insurance against sicknessand unemployment.

我建议你办个疾病和失业保险。

She resigned because of ill health.

她因健康状况不佳而辞职。

heart trouble心脏病

10

like / love / be fond of / be keen on / adore:

以上各词均含喜欢、喜爱某事物之义。

e.g.

Do you liketheir new house?

你喜欢他们的新房子吗？

He lovedthe way she smiled.

他喜欢她微笑的样子。

We were fond ofthe house and didn’t want to leave.

我们喜欢上了这座房子，不想搬家。

She’snot keen onbeing told what to do.

她不喜欢别人向她发号施令。

She adoresworking with children.

她热爱为儿童工作。

注：adore较love非正式，用以表达更强烈的感情。

11

job / position / post / vacancy / appointment:

以上各词均表示工作、职位。

e.g.

He’s trying to get a jobin a bank.

他正设法在银行找一个工作。

a senior positionin a large corporation

在一家大公司的高级职务

a key postin the new government

在新政府中的要职

We have several vacanciesfor casual workers.

我们有几个临时工的空缺。

This is a permanent appointment, requiring commitment and hard work.

这是一个固定职位，需要专心致志和勤奋工作。

12

old / elderly / aged / long-lived / mature:

以上各词均形容人年纪大、长寿或事物古老、持久。

e.g.

She’s getting old—she’s 75 next year.

她上年纪了，明年就75岁了。

She is very busy caring for two elderlyrelatives.

她正忙着照顾两个年老的亲戚。

Having agedrelatives to stay in your house can be quite stressful.

年迈的亲戚住在家里有时压力相当大。

Everyone in my family is exceptionally long-lived.

我们家每个人都特别长寿。

clothes for the maturewoman

成年妇女的服装

13

mention / cite / quote:

以上各词均含写到、说到、谈及或举例说明之义。

e.g.

Nobody mentionedanything to me about it.

没人跟我提过这事。

He citedhis heavy workload as the reason for his breakdown.

他提到繁重的工作负荷是导致他累垮的原因。

Can you quote me an instance of when this happened?

你能否给我举例说明一下发生这事的情况？

14

price / cost / value / expense / worth:

以上各词均指价值、价钱。

e.g.

How much are these? They don’t have a price on them.

这些东西卖多少钱？它们都没有标价。

A new computer system has been installed at a costof $80000.

新的计算机系统已安装，费用为8万美元。

The winner will receive a prize to the valueof $1000.

获胜者将得到价值为1000美元的奖品。

Running a car is a big expense.

养一辆车开销很大。

He has a personal net worthof $10 million.

他有价值1千万美元的个人净资产。

刻意练习

根据所给汉语提示，完成下列句子。

1. His(年薪) is just under $48,000.

2. The group(由……组成) ten people.

3. He’s trying to get a(工作) in a bank.

4. Life was a(不断的) struggle for them.

5. She’s not(喜欢) being told what to do.

6. Nobody(提到) anything to me about it.

7. She fixed her questioner with a hostile(怒视).

8. Everyone in my family is exceptionally(长寿的).

9. Police are(告诫) fans without tickets to stay away.

10. We(喜欢上了) the house and didn’t want to leave.

11. They haven’t formally(宣布) their engagement yet.

12. The island provided an idyllic(布景) for the concert.

13. The winner will receive a prize to the(价值) of $1000.

14. I recommend you get insurance against(疾病) and unemployment.

答案

1. annual salary

2. consists of / comprises / is made up of / is composed of

3. job

4. continual

5. keen on

6. mentioned

7. glare

8. long-lived

9. advising

10. were fond of

11. announced

12. setting

13. value

14. sickness

声明

文章由维克多英语编辑整理，转载请注明来源。

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