资源简介

(共75张PPT)
非谓语动词
动词不定式
课堂导入
01
I decide to visit Paris to see the Eiffel Tower.
He refuses to smoke.
To help the old is our duty.
思考：以上三张图片里的句子有什么相同点
知识梳理
02
1.基本形式∶
to+动词原形（在某些情况下可以不带 to）
2.特点∶
A.没有人称和数的变化
B.可以有自己的宾语和状语
3.肯定和否定形式∶
肯定形式是 to＋do
否定形式是 not to＋do
动词不定式用法
1.作主语
可以直接作主语。
如∶To see is to believe.
To help the old is our duty. =It our duty To help the old
但在英语中，常用it作形式主语，真正的主语即动词不定式放在后面。
如∶It's wrong to play tricks on other people.
It's our duty to keep our environment clean and tidy.
【规律】动词不定式在句中作主语时，常放在 It is+adj+（for sb.）+（not）to do sth 句型中，表示说话人对客观事件的决断，意为∶做……是……的，it仅作形式主语，真正的主语是 to do sth。
【例句】
It is very interesting to read. 读书是有趣的。
It is usefulto read. 看书是有用的。
It is healthy to run every day. 每天跑步是健康的。
It is a little difficulty for me to work out this question. 解出这道题对我来说有点难。
It is bad to be late for school. 迟到是糟糕的。
【知识拓展】
It is +adj+of sb.+（not）to do sth.该句型通常表示说话人对客观事件的惊讶、兴奋、懊悔、难过等感叹情绪。
1）It is very kind of you to tell me the truth.你能告诉我事实，真是太好了。
2）It is stupid of him to do such asilly thing. 他做那件傻事，真是太笨了。
3）It is very clever of you to work out this question. 你能解出这道题目，真是太聪明了。
4）It is very wise of you to read this novel. 你看这本小说，真是太明智了。
这个句型中用介词 of 而不是 for 的原因是这里的形容词是用来形容人的品质性格的。
类似的词有∶careless，careful，clever，considerate，foolish，good，impolite，kind，naughty，nice，silly，stupid，friendly
区分是用It is +adj+（for sb.）+（not）to do sth 还是It is+adj+of sb+（not）to do sth，要清楚adj修饰的是sb还是to do sth
It is nice for me to have breakfast with you
（nice是指have breakfast with you这件事）对于我来说，能和你一起吃早餐真好。
It is nice of you to help him with his English.
（nice是指you，形容人的品质）你帮他补习英语，真是太好了。
【动词不定式作主语】
1.It's our duty _____the room every day.
A. to clean B.cleaned C. clean D. cleans
2.I's hard for us____English well.
A. learn B. learns C. to learn D.learning
3.建造这座立交桥将花费工人们一年多的时间。
It will _______ the workers over a year _______ _______ the flyover.
4.It's very nice_______ you to get me two tickets_________the World Cup.
A.for, of B.of, for C.to, for D.of, to
Keys:1.A 2.C 3.take, to, build 4.B
【简析】动词不定式作主语时，可以直接放在谓语动词前面的主语位置，也可以用先行词 it 作形式主语，而将真正的主语（不定式）置于后面。
常见的句式有∶（1）It is +形容词（of sb）to do sth.
（2）It is +名词（for sb）to do sth.
（3）It takes sb some time to do sth.
（4）It is +形容词（for sb）to do sth.
句式（1）中常用nice，kind，clever，good，right，wrong，foolish，careless 等形容词，与介词of搭配，这些形容词常表述不定式逻辑主语的属性或性质;句式（4）中常用hard，difficult，easy， important等形容词，与介词for搭配，表示不定式表示的动作、行为的性质。
2.作宾语
1）只能作某些动词的宾语，一般不作介词的宾语。
Tom can't afford to buy a car at present. 汤姆目前买不起汽车。
He likes to play football. 他喜欢踢足球。
We agreed to start early. 我们同意出发早点。
She wants to be a doctor. 她想成为一名医生。
【注意】有些动词后面跟并且只能跟不定式
如∶want, decide, agree, afford, agree, aim, appear, ask, believe, care, claim, decide, demand, desire, determine, expect, fail, happen, hesitate，hope，intend（有打算），learn，long（渴望），manage，offer，pretend， promise， prepare，refuse，seek，swear（发誓），undertake（承担），want， wish。
2）love，like，begin，start，hate，prefer等词后面可以接不定式。
规律∶上述动词后面除接不定式外，还可以接动名词，意思无很大区别。
【提示】like doing指经常性动作，而like to do指一次性的动作。
如∶I like swimming,but I don't like to swim now. 我喜欢游泳，但我现在不想游。
3）stop，forget，remember，go on，try 等词或短语后面可以接不定式，这些动词后面接不定式和接动名词意思大不相同。
i ）stop to do sth∶停止一件事，去做另一件事。 stop doing sth∶ 停止正在做的事。
ii）forget to do sth∶忘记要去做某事（未做） forget doing sth∶忘记做过某事（已做）
iii）remember to do sth∶记得去做某事（未做） remember doing sth∶记得做过某事（已做）
iv）go on to do sth∶接着做另一件事（接下去做与原来不同的一件事）
go on doing sth∶继续不停的做某事或间断后继续做原来没有做完的事
v）try to do sth∶试着做某事（实际上意思是努力想做成某事）
eg∶I tried to escape，butIfailed.我努力着想逃走，但是没有成功。
try doing sth∶试着做某事（实际上是为了达到另外一个目的）
eg: ----"So hot here,isn't it " ---."Yes,why not try turning on the air conditioner "
4）在find/feel+it+adj.十to do sth.句型中，it是形式宾语，真正的主语是后面的动词不定式。就是说不定式由it代替，把不定式放到后面去。可以用这一结构表达∶动词（如find，think，consider，feel等）+ it+ 形容词+不定式。
如∶① She considers it necessary to make friends with him.
② We find it difficult to finish all the homework before 9 o'clock.
③The man downstairs found it difficult to get to sleep.
④I feel it easy to recite the text.
5）动词+疑问代（副）词+不定式∶
这类动词常见的有advise，decide，find out，forget， inquire，know，learn，see，regard，remember，teach，tell，understand，wonder等。
常见的疑问代（副）词有∶what，when，where，which，how，whether等。
如：①He does not know when to start.
②You can decide whether to continue or to stop.
③I will show you how to deal with it.
【动词不定式作宾语】
1. He wants _____ some vegetables.
A.buy B. buying C. to buy D.buys
2.Don't forget_______your homework with you when you come to school.
A. to bring B. bringing C. to take D.taking
3.He found it very difficult ________.
A. sleeping B. sleeps C. slept D. to fall asleep
Keys: 1.C 2.A 3.D
【简析】在want， like，agree， hope， wish， learn，begin，start，seem，decide，hate，choose，forget，remember等动词后面，可以接不定式作宾语。如果其后接形容词补足语时，则可以用it作形式宾语，而把作真正宾语的不定式放到后面。
3.作宾语补足语
1）tell, ask, want, order, teach, invite, warn, wish, help, get, wish, help等词后面常接不定式作宾补。
如∶I tell him not to go there by bus.
Edison's mother taught him to read and write.
2）let，make，have，see，hear，feel，watch，notice后面接不带to的不定式作宾补。
如∶The boss makes them work 16 hours a day.
I heard her sing in the next room.
【知识拓展】
有些动词不定式在使用时，要省去to。具体有∶
①在动词let，feel，see，look at，watch，have，make，notice，hear等动词后，动词不定式作宾语时，要省略to。但在变被动语态时要加上。
如∶I heard someone knock at the door. 我听到有人在敲门。
We saw him enter the room. 我们看到他进了房间。
②在would you please，had better，why not，would rather等结构的句型后，要用不带to的不定式。
如∶Would you please make your bed 请整理下你的床，好吗
You'd better go to bed early. 你最好早点睡觉。
【总结】
谓 语 动 词（vt.） +宾语（人/物） +不定式（作宾语补足语）
ask（请） tell（关照） teach（教） want（想要）would like（想要）get（ 让） help（帮）invite（邀请）like（喜欢）warn（警告） +sb./sth.
+to do
make（使得） let（让） hear（听） see（看）feel（感觉）watch（观看） have（使得） help（帮助） +sb./sth.
+(to) do
【动词不定式作宾语补足语】
1. Robert often asks us____ his Chinese,so his Chinese is much better than before.
A. help him B. to help him with C. to help with D. helps him with
2. Mr Li often teaches his Japanese friends____Chinese food.
A.cook B.cooks C. to cook D.cooked
Key:1.B 2.C
【简析】不定式可以用作宾语补足语。后面可以接不定式作宾语补足语的动词有∶ ask，teach， expect，tell，allow等。
4.作定语
动词不定式作定语时，常置于被修饰名词之后作后置定语，且被修饰的名词与不定式的动词有动宾关系或介宾关系。
如∶He wants some water to drink. 他想要些水喝。（动宾）
He has no friends to talk with. 他没朋友可以与之交谈。（介宾）
注意∶①当不定式修饰的名词是time，place或way时，不定式后的介词习惯省去。
如∶He had no place to live（in）.他没地方住。
②如果不定式动词是不及物动词，则后面必须加介词。
如∶Please give me a chair to sit on. 请给我一张椅子坐坐。
He has got awriting brush to write with. 他找到了写字的毛笔。
被修饰部分+不定式（作后置定语） 汉语意思
a key to lock the door 锁门的钥匙
a box to hold these things 装这些东西的箱子
give her a book to read 给她一本书读
Is there any（+名词/代词）to (do) 有…要（做的）吗
It's time to go. 是走的时间了。/该走了。
Do you have any work to do 你有工作要做吗
I'd like something to eat. 我要点儿吃的。
I have nothing to say. 我没有话要说。
Would you like something to drink 你要点儿喝的吗
【知识扩展】记住下面的一些结构
1.Would you like something____
A.drink B. drinking C. to drink D. drinks
2.Ihave a lot of homework____
A.do B.doing C.did D. to do
3.He is not an easy man__.
A.get on B.to get on C.get on with D. to get on with
Key:1.C 2.D 3.D
【简析】不定式作定语时，常放在被修饰的词语之后，与被修饰的词语为逻辑上的主谓关系或动宾关系;如果不定式的动词是不及物动词，其后要加上必要的介词或副词，构成的短语动词相当于及物动词。
【动词不定式作定语】
5.作表语∶
放在连系动词 be 的后面
如：His wish is to become a scientist.
The first important thing is to save the soldiers' lives. 当务之急是抢救战士们的生命。
【规律】
动词不定式在句中作表语时，通常对连系动词前面的名词进行诠释说明。
如：Her job is to clean the hall. 她的工作就是打扫大厅。
=To clean the hall is her job.
6.作状语
动词不定式可以在句子中用作状语，有下列几种情况∶
【A】放在不及物动词（come，go，stop，finish，wait等词的后面。
如∶He came to see heryesterday.他昨天来看望她。（表示来的目的）
I stopped to have a rest. 我停下来休息一会儿。（表示停下来的目的）
【B】放在完整的谓语之后（即"谓语+宾语"、"谓语+宾语+补语"、"动词+表语"之后）。
如∶We cleaned the room to let him play in it.我们打扫了房间以便让他在里面玩。
I opened the window to see more clearly. 我打开窗子以便看得更清楚点儿。
【C】 有时表示目的的不定式短语可以放在句首。
如∶To arrive there on time,I got up one hour earlier than usual.
为了按时到达，我们比平时早起了一个小时。（表示早起的目的）
【注意】 stop to do 与stop doing的不同。
如∶They stopped to have a look.
他们停下来看看。（不定式作"停下来"的目的状语）
They stopped looking out of the window and began to listen to the teacher.
他们停止向窗外望，开始听老师讲课。（动名词作宾语，表示"停止"的内容）
【动词不定式作状语】
1.She went________her teacher.
A. to see B.looks C.saw D.seeing
2.Meimei likes English very much.She does her best ________ English well.
A. learn B. learning C. to learn D. learns
Key:1.A2.C
3. I'm sorry______that.
A. hears B. hearing C. hear D.to hear
4. I'm sorry______you.
A. trouble B. to trouble C. troubling D. troubled
5.My mother was very glad_______her old friend.
A. to meet B.meet C.met D.meets
Keys:3.D 4.B 5.A
【简析】"be+形容词+ to do sth"结构中的不定式作状语，常表示原因或方式。
7.及物动词+特殊疑问词+不定式结构
He does not know which one to take. 他不知道该选哪个。
Tell me how to get to the station. 告诉我怎么样去火车站。
She asked me what to do for today's homework. 她问我今天家庭作业做什么。
Can you teach me how to search the internet 你能教我怎样上网吗
谓语动词（vt.） + wh-疑问词+不定式（作宾语） 【说明】
tell（告诉）show（显示）know（知道）ask（问） find out（发现）understand（明白）wondert（疑惑） learn（学会）forget（忘记）remember（记得） discuss（商讨）teach sb.（教某人） what where + how + to (do) who which 不定式疑问形式还可以作句子的主语、表语等。
1.The menu has so many good things! I can't decide _________.
A. what to eat B. how to eat C. where to eat D. when to eat
【答案】A
【解析】考查"疑问词+动词不定式"的用法。根据句意"我不能决定吃什么。"故选A。
2.--My dad bought me a new MP4, but I don't know__________.
--Let's read the instructions.
A. what to use B. which one to use C.how to use it D. when to use it
【答案】C
【解析】考查"疑问词+动词不定式"的用法。根据句意"我不知道如何使", 故选C。
总结∶
（一）记住下列形式∶（仅限于初中范畴）
1.want to do
2.would like to do
3.hope to do
4.wish to do
5.decide to do
6.plan do
7.refuse to do
8.fail to do
9.manage to do
10.agree to do
11.learn to do
12.happen to do
13.need to do
14.pretend to do
15.offer to do
16.promise to do
17.attempt to do
18.be sure to do
19.seem to do
20.expect to do
21.try\do one's best to do
23.can't afford to do
25.advise sb to do
22.can'twait to do
24.allow sb to do
26.encourage sb to do
想要
想要做
希望做
希望做
决定做
计划做
拒绝做
做某事失败
设法做
同意做
学会做
偶然发生
需要做
假装做
提供做
承诺做
企图做
确定做
似乎要发生
期待做
尽力做
负担不起做
建议某人做
迫不及待做
允许某人做
鼓励某人做
（二）句型∶
It's + adj.+(for sb.) to do sth.
It's +adj.+(of sb.)to do sth. 做某事（对某人来说）怎么样
It takes sb. some time/money to do sth. 花费某人多长时间做某事（常考）
It's best for sb. to do sth. 对某人来说做某事是最好的
It's time for sb. to do sth. 是某人做某事的时候了
to..（for sb.）to … 太…….以致不能……==not…enough to do
prefer to do sth. rather than do sth. 宁愿...而不愿....（常考）
something to eat/drink （不定式放在something等后修饰）一些吃/喝的东西
sth.is hard/difficult/easy to do 做好某事很难/容易
take turns to do sth. 轮流做.....
There is no time(for sb.)to do sth. 对（某人来说）没时间做某事了
There is no need (for sb.)to do sth. 对某人来说没必要做某事
try/do one's best to do sth. 尽力去做某事
（三）省略to的不定式作宾补口诀∶
一感 feel sb.do sth. 感到某人做某事
二听 hear sb do sth听见某人做某事
listen to sb do sth听见某人做某事
三让 let sb do sth让/使某人做某事
make sb do sth让/使某人做某事
have sb do sth让/使某人做某事
四看 see sb do sth看见某人做某事
watch sb do sth看见某人做某事
notice sb do sth注意某人做某事
find sb do sth发现某人做某事
课程重点练习
03
1.He refused__________my book, so I was very angry.
A. return B. returning C. to return D. returned
【答案】C
【解析】考查不定式，句意"他拒绝归还我的书，所以我非常生气。"A动词原形;B动名词;C不定式;D过去式; refuse to do sth.拒绝做某事，固定搭配，用不定式to return归还，选C。
【点评】不定式在句子中可做主语、宾语、表语、定语、状语和宾语补语，要结合语境选择合适用法，注意一些固定搭配。
2.We should do everything we can____________ the environment.
A.to protect B. protected C. protecting
【答案】A
【解析】为了保护环境我们应该做我们能够做的一切事情。本题考查动词不定式做目的状语，我们应该做我们能够做的一切事情的目的是为了保护环境，to protect the environment做目的状语，故选A。
【点评】本题是易错题，学生会认为can后接动词原形，做这题必须分析句子的结构，并结合句意做出答案。
3.He wants me________ him ________ his English.
A.to help; with B.help; to study C.helping; with D. to help; studying
【答案】A
【解析】根据题意"他想让我帮助他学英语"，可知考查句型want sb to do sth想让某人做某事，结合help sb with sth帮助某人做某事，故选A。
【点评】熟悉系动词的用法，结合题意，给出答案。
4.--Would you like ________a walk with me,Linda
--Sorry, I enjoy ________at home.
A. to take, reading B. taking, to read D. taking, reading C.to take, to read
【答案】A
【解析】根据句意"-你愿意跟我一起去散步吗，Linda -对不起，我喜欢在家读书。"，可知考查句型would like to do sth愿意做某事，enjoy doing喜欢做某事，这些是固定用法，故选A。
【点评】熟悉不定式的基本用法，结合题意，给出答案。
5.Teachers often tell us_______pens in class. We should be________to listen to them.
A.not to play; careful enough B.not to play; enough careful
C.not to play with; careful enough D.not to play with; enough careful
【答案】C
【解析】老师们经常告诉我们不要在课堂上玩笔.我们应该足够认真地听他们讲课。 根据关键词tell及pen并结合选项可知第一个空考查的是固定短语tell sb not to do sth（告诉某人不做某事）和play with sth（同….一起玩;玩弄…），此句中play with pen指"玩弄笔";而play 是进行某项运动，或演奏某种乐器;故排除A和B.第二个空是考查形容词和enough的位置关系，形容词要放在enough之前。这里的careful enough意为"足够认真的"，综合以上分析，故选C。
【点评】此题着重考查tell sb to do sth的用法，记住其否定式是在to前面直接加not;另外注意play和play with的区别;还要注意当enough和形容词连用时两者的位置关系。
6.It's dangerous __________a close look at the tiger in the zoo.
A.for us taking B.of us to take C.of us taking D. for us to take
【答案】D
【解析】在动物园里近距离地看老虎是危险的。根据关键词It's dangerous并结合选项可知此句考查固定句式∶it可指代下文内容做形式主语，其真正的主语是由后面的不定式充当的.其主要有两种形式∶1、It's+形容词+of+sb+to do sth.这个句型，形容词一般为sb的所具有的一种品质性格. 2、It's+形容词+for+sb+to do sth.这个句型，形容词不是sb所具备的品质性格;如果形容词是描述人的性格特征方面的形容词则用of，否则用for.本题中的形容词为dangerous，不是描述人的性格特征的，所以应用for，故选D。
【点评】做好本题的关键是知道固定句型It's+adj of sb+to do sth和It's+adj for sbto do sth的区别及用法，联系具体的句子做出正确的选择。
7. ____a book in the library, enter a key word into the computer.
A.To find B. Find C.To write D.Write
【答案】A
【解析】为了在图书馆找到书，要在电脑中输入一个关键词。根据句子中的"输入一个关键词到电脑"，其目的是想在图书馆查找一本书，用find.此处是不定式短语做目的状语，前置，动词前加to，故选A。
【点评】做题时抓住关键句子找到解题线索，揣摩出动词的意义，利用动词不定式的知识及用法选出正确的答案。
8.Lots of fast food restauraunts use the color red ________make customers _________.
A. to; eating faster B.want to; eat fast C. To; eat faster D. To; to eat fast
【答案】C
【解析】很多快餐店使用红颜色是为了让顾客快点吃。让顾客们…是使用红色的目的，故要用表示目的不定式to make。make是使役动词，后接不带to的不定式，故排除A与D选项.eat是动词，需要用副词fast修饰动词，放在动词后面，此处有与没用红色之前作比较之意，故副词fast要用比较级faster，故选C。
【点评】不定式有带to的不定式，不带to的不定式还有表示目的不定式。本题考查表示目的不定式和不带to的不定式。
9. It's nice of you________ me with my maths!
A.help B. helping C.to help
【答案】C
【解析】你帮我学习数学，你真是太好了。对某人来说去做某事是怎么样的∶It's+形容词+for+sb.+to do sth.（形容词仅仅是描述事物，不是对不定式行为者的品格进行评价）或It's+形容词+of+sb.+to do sth.（形容词是描述不定式行为者的性格、品质的）。因为nice（好）描述的是you的性格，品质.故用It's+形容词+of+sb.+to do sth.故答案为C。
【点评】不定式短语需要多记多练，不定式的句式结构也需要背熟，多练。
10.-It's important for us to know_________ all the subjects.
-Yeah, group work is my favorite.
A.how to study B. when to study C.which to study D. what to study
【答案】A
【解析】-对于我们来说知道如何学习所有课程是重要的。-是的，团队合作是我的最爱。首先根据答语group work is my favorite可推断出上句说的是学习的方式，故应用how来引导;其次关键词know后应该跟不定式作宾语，两者结合，我们可以知道应该用疑问副词+to+动词原形的结构来完成，所以用how to study，故选A。
【点评】此题考查疑问副词加不定式的用法.在做题时要联系上下句的语境及关键词确定好应用哪个疑问副词加不定式的用法，从而选出正确答案。
11.Jessica's parents always encourage her_________out her opinions.
A. speak B. speaking C. to speak D. will speak
【答案】C
【解析】Jessica的父母亲总是鼓励她大胆地说出自己的观点。根据encourage her______out可知，encourage sb.to do sth.鼓励某人做某事，故选C。
12._________on the grass, or it will"cry".
A. To walk B. Not to walk C.Walk D. Don't walk
【答案】D
【解析】请勿践踏草坪，否则它会"哭"的。根据句中关键词or it will"cry"可知这里的意思是;否则它会"哭"的，所以我们不要践踏草坪，动词walk放于句子开头应是祈使句，其否定句在动词前加dont，故选∶D。
13.This sign is used______tourists to stay away from the lion in the zoo.
A. to warn B. to warning C. to make D.to making
【答案】A
【解析】这个标志被用来警告游客在动物园里要远离狮子。根据This sign is used_____ tourists to stay away from the lion in the zoo，可知这里考查了be used to do sth被用来做某事，后面跟to引导的动词不定式，故选A。
14.The traffic signs warn people________after drinking.
A. to drive B.not to drive C. driving D. don't drive
【答案】B
【解析】根据句中的关键词after drinking，可以判断出交通标志应该是警告酒后不要驾车，是否定的含义，警告某人干某事为warn sb to do sth;警告某人不要干某事为Warn sb not to do sth，故选B。
15. The little girl was crying because her mother didn't allow her_______the ice-cream.
A. eat B. eats C. to eat D.ate
【答案】C
【解析】这个小女孩正在哭因为她的妈妈不允许她吃冰淇淋。根据关键词allow，我们可知应该用不定式来完成这个句子，是allow的固定用法，允许某人做某事为allow sb to do sth，故选C。
16. Parents find it difficult____ with their children.
A.talk B. talked C talking D.to talk
【答案】D
【解析】根据Parents find it difficult______ with their children，可知父母发现与他们的孩子交谈很难。句子考查find it+形容词+to do sth是一个固定句型，后面跟to引导的不定式形式，故选D。
17.The children decide_______their school yard this Friday afternoon.
A. clean B. to clean C. cleaning D.cleaned
【答案】B
【解析】这个星期五下午，孩子们决定打扫他们的校园。根据The children decide--可知这里考查了decide 的用法，decide 决定做某事，后面跟to引导的动词不定式，不定式做宾语表示具体的将要进行的动作。
18. Paul made a nice cage_______the little sick bird till it could fly.
A. keep B. to keep C. keeping D. kept
【答案】B
【解析】根据Paul made a nice cage___ the little sick bird till it could fly. 可知保罗做了一个漂亮的笼子来养着那只生病的小鸟，直到它能飞起来。这里to 引导的不定式短语表目的，故选B。
19.Many old men prefer________ in a peaceful countryside.
A.to live B. living C. live D. lived
【答案】A
【解析】很多老人更喜欢住在宁静的乡村。根据Many old men prefer，可知这里考查了prefer的用法∶prefer to do sth.强调特定的或某次具体的动作，即在一定的场合下宁愿做什么。prefer doing sth.强调一般性倾向，即对某种行为的"偏爱"，在这里表示的是很多老人的一种偏爱，故选B。
20.It took me two weeks__reading the novels written by Guo Jingming.
A. finish B.to finish C. finishes D. finishing
【答案】B
【解析】句意∶读完郭敬明写的这些小说花费了我两周的时间。根据It took me two weeks_reading，可知这里考查了take的用法，在这里take表示花费的意思，常用于句式It+takes+sb+sometime+to do sth.表示花费某人多长时间做某事，to引导的不定式在这个句式中作真正的主语，前面的It作的是形式主语，故选B。
21.-I feel tired and sleepy.
-Why not stop________ for a while
A. rest B. to rest C. resting D. rested
【答案】B
【解析】句意∶--我感到又累又困。--为什么不停下来休息一会儿呢 根据stop，可知stop后可跟两种形式∶接动名词表示停止正在做的事情，接不定式表示停下正做的事情来做另一间事情。根据I feel tired and sleepy.可知我感到又累又困。所以应该停下来休息一下，停下来休息一下的说法是stop to have a rest，故选B。
22.We must do everything we can_____ our earth cleaner and safer.
A.made B. to making C.make D. to make
【答案】D
【解析】我们必须尽我们所能来让我们的地球更清洁更安全。根据We must do everything we can，可知这里用to引导的不定式表示目的，作目的状语，表示我们做所有我们能做的是为了使我们的地球更清洁更安全，故选D.
23. Remember_______the book to the library when you finishit.
A. to return; to read B. returning; reading C. to return; reading D. returning; to read
【答案】C
【解析】根据Remember____the book to the library when you finish____it.可知这里的意思是当你把书看完，要记住把书归还给图书馆，在这里finish doing sth 为完成某事的意思，未做的事情翻译成remember to do sth，remember后面还可以跟动名词形式，即remember doing，记着做了某事，表示记得曾经做过某事，故选C。
24.-Jane, Do you want to go to Yunnan for a holiday -Sure, I can't wait______ there.
A. to fly B.flying C.flew
【答案】A
【解析】-简，你想去云南度假吗 -当然!我迫不及待地想飞到那里去。根据Sure可知说话人迫不及待想飞到云南去度假，其中can't wait to do sth.表示迫不及待地想做某事，故选择A。
25.We would like you __________and we look forward _______ you.
A. to come; to see B. Come; to seeing C. Come; to see D. to come; to seeing
【答案】D
【解析】根据题意∶我们希望你来，我们期待看到你。可知考查句型would like to do sth想要某事;look forward to doing期待做某事，这是固定搭配。
26.-What did the man say just now
-He told us____any noise. They are having a meeting.
A. don't make B.not make C. to make D.not to make
【答案】D
【解析】-那人刚才说什么了 -他告诉我们不要出声，他们正在开会。考查不定式。根据题干，考查固定短语tellsb to do sth，告诉某人做某事，否定句需在不定式前加not，结合句意他告诉我们不要出声，他们正在开会。选择D。
27. I think the best way _______ English is by reading English books.
A. learn B. learning C. to learn D. to learning
【答案】C
【解析】我认为学习英语最好的方法是读英语书。
考查不定式，句意"我认为学习英语最好的方法是读英语书。"A动词原形;B 动名词;C不定式;D不正确.固定搭配the best way to do sth."做某事的最好方式".因此用不定式to learn学习，答案是C。
28. My little brother hopes_______rockets to the moon one day.
A.to fly B.fly C.flying
【答案】A
【解析】我的小弟弟希望有一天乘火箭去月球。根据空格前为hope，结合选项可知fly为动词，根据hope 后接动词时需跟动词不定式形式，即hope to do sth"希望做某事"，故填to fly，故选A。
29. Your kind help makes it easy for me____ the teachers in class.
A. to understand B. understand C. understanding D. understood
【答案】A
【解析】本题考查非谓语动词的用法。根据语境推测句意是"你友好的帮助使得我在课堂上理解老师很容易。"，由设空处前面的 it easy for me 判断此题考查句式"make it+形容词+（for sb.） to do sth.";所以选A。
30. It's important for students to learn how________ each other.
A. to come over with B. stay away with C.to get on with D. come up with
【答案】B
【解析】学会如何互相相处对学生是很重要的。考查不定式.句意"学会如何互相相处对学生是很重要的。"get on with sb 意思是与某人相处，是固定搭配，how to do sth如何做某事作learn的宾语，也是固定搭配，it is+形容词+for sb to do sth做某人来说做某事怎么样，是固定搭配，根据题意学学会如何互相相处对学生是很重要的，故选C。
31.I'd like______ the old people ______ some housework.
A.help; do B.to help; doing C.helping; doing D.to help; do
【答案】D
【解析】我想帮助那个老人做一些家务。
考查不定式，根据题干would like to do sth=want to do sth，想做某事，故要用不定式，help sb do sth帮助 某人做某事也是固定短语，故选择D。
32. He needs____English a lot.
A. to speak B. speaks C.not to speak D. speaking
【答案】A
【解析】考查不定式，句意"他需要多说英语。"need to do sth需要去做某事，是固定搭配，根据题意应该是他需要多说英语，故选A。
课后作业布置
04
根据上句意思完成下句，使两句意思相近或相同，每空一词。
1. He was so angry that he couldn't say anything.
He was too angry________ _________anything.
2. I don't know when we will have the meeting.
I don't know when_______ ________ the meeting.
3. He said he would write a letter.
He said he would have a letter_______ _________.
4.That you read English in the morning is very important.
It is very important_______ you_______ ________ English in the morning.
5. He was so strong that he could lift the stone.（石头）
He was strong ______ _______ the stone.
6. His father went to Beijing for his holiday.
His father went to Beijing _______ ________ his holiday.
7.They got up early so that they could get there in time.
They got up early______ ______ _______ _______there in time.
8.His brother decided that he would buy the book.
His brother decided_______ _________ the book.
9.He hopes that he can visit the Great Wall.
He hopes_______ ________ the Great Wall.
10.I saw him go into the room.
He was seen _______ _______ into the room.
11.We made him work five hours a day.
He was made _______ ________five hours a day.
12.Do you want to say anything for yourself
Do you have anything ________ ________ for yourself
13.We don't know what we shall do next.
We don't know what _______ _______ next.
14.I'm very sorry on hearing the bad news.
I'm very sorry _______ ______ the bad news.
15.He stopped and had a look at me.
He stopped ________ ________ a look at me.
16.I helped him with his English.
I helped him_______ ________ English
17.My father promised（许诺）that he would buy me a bike.
My father promised________ _________ me a bike.
18.The box is so heavy that I can't carry it.
The box is too heavy _______ me _________ __________.
19.Lie down!"the boy said to his dog.
The boy ordered his dog ________ _________ down.
20."Don't make any noise,"she said to me.
She told me _______ _______ _______any noise.
【答案】
1. to say 2. to have 3.to write 4.for, to, read 5.enough, to lift
6.to spend 7.in,order, to,get 8.to buy 9.to visit 10.to go
11.to work 12.to say 13.to do 14.to hear 15.to have
16.to learn (study) 17.to buy 18.for,to cary 19.to lie 20.not, to make
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